Asesoramiento RPS

Post-exposure prophylaxis measures

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These include vaccination against hepatitis B and specific gamma globulin against the virus. Both vaccination and immunoglobulin against hepatitis B (HIBG) are safe and with few adverse effects. The administration of two doses of HIBG is effective in more than 75% of cases. Combined with vaccination (one dose) efficacy reaches 90% is less expensive and extends long-term protection.

In the case of a risky biological accident for HIV transmission, antiretroviral prophylaxis is available. In case of seroconversion, it can be recognized as an occupational disease (EP).

The existence of antiviral treatments already restrained in acute hepatitis due to HCV reinforces the interest of the already refrained follow-up of the accident with positive HCV source and the early detection of the infection for the eventual treatment.

The morbidity of hepatitis B is known. Up to 10% of acute infections progress to chronicity, the risk of dying of necrosis is 20%. More than 11% of infections can progress to a chronic carrier state.

The mortality of hepatitis C is clear: from 75% to 85% of those infected will develop chronic infection. Of these 10-20% of cases will develop cirrhosis and 1-5% hepatocellular carcinoma.

The risk of HBV seroconversion after this type of accident ranges from 5% -30% depending on the source

The risk of seroconversion with HIV is 0.3% in percutaneous accidents and 0.1% in splashes

The risk of seroconversion to HCV varies from 4-10, although the average is 1.8%

Pathogen	Seroconversion
HBV	5% -30%
HIV	0.3%
HCV	1.8%

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Palabras clave: Post-exposure prophylaxis measures, english

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Última actualización: 2018-04-02 13:02:15

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